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zhangtao
644d262cad
错误码（t16）
- HTTP 语义只由 core/exceptions.py 的 RET.code → fastapi.status 映射决定；
映射表显式登记 -1→400 与全部「数值即 HTTP 状态」的 RET 成员，_DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS
降为「新增码忘登记」的安全网
- 移除冗余 status_code：131 处调用点改为纯 code 表达；security.py/dependencies.py
的 status_code=401/403 去除（映射表已给）；get_or_404 → code=RET.NOT_FOUND.code
- 新增静态护栏（AST）：app/ 下除 exceptions.py 外不得出现 status_code 传参，
路由装饰器 201 白名单显式放行并断言白名单非空
异常写法统一（t19）
- 删除 CustomException.internal 及 132 处包装：意外异常直接冒泡，由全局
@app.exception_handler(Exception) 统一映射 5xx + 通用文案 + 日志；
需要运维上下文处改为 logger.exception("<业务动作>失败") + raise
- 构造器不再接受 status_code 参数（属性保留，由 code 派生）→ 结构上杜绝第二来源
- 修复 6 处「宽泛 except 把 400 包成 500」的语义反转（补 except CustomException: raise），
并加 AST 护栏防止回潮
- 全局 SQLAlchemyError：非完整性错误由 400 改为 503（连接类）/500（其它），
不再把驱动原文/异常类型拼进客户端 msg；顺带修掉不存在的
status.HTTP_403_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE 常量（命中即 AttributeError→500）
验证：pytest 97 passed / ruff 全绿；AST 审计残留 0；护栏红绿测试通过；
线上实测验证码过期仍 400 并保留业务文案、无令牌 401。
264 lines
12 KiB
Python
264 lines
12 KiB
Python
from functools import wraps
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from typing import Any
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from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, status
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from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError, ResponseValidationError
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from sqlalchemy.exc import DisconnectionError, IntegrityError, InterfaceError, SQLAlchemyError
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from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException
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from starlette.responses import JSONResponse
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from app.common.enums import RET, EnvironmentEnum
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from app.common.response import ErrorResponse
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from app.config.setting import settings
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from app.core.logger import logger
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def require_superadmin(func):
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"""装饰器：仅超级管理员可调用 Service 方法。
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自动校验 ``self.auth.user.is_superuser`` 属性，非超管直接抛出 403。
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适用于实例方法（``Service(auth).xxx(...)``），由 ``self.auth`` 取认证上下文。
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用法:
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class XxxService:
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def __init__(self, auth: AuthSchema) -> None:
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self.auth = auth
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@require_superadmin
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async def create(self, data: ...) -> ...:
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...
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"""
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@wraps(func)
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async def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
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if not self.auth.user or not self.auth.user.is_superuser:
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raise CustomException(msg="仅平台管理员可操作")
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return await func(self, *args, **kwargs)
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return wrapper
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# starlette 新版本把 HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY 标为弃用，这里取新常量并兼容旧版本，
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# 避免模块导入期就打 DeprecationWarning
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_HTTP_422: int = getattr(status, "HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_CONTENT", 422)
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# 业务错误码 → HTTP 状态码：**HTTP 语义的唯一事实来源**。
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# 约定（t16）：
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# - 业务代码只传 code（`raise CustomException(msg=..., code=...)`），构造器不接受 status_code；
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# - 本表未命中的 code 才会落到 _DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS（仅为「新增 code 忘了登记」的安全网，
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# 不应作为正常路径依赖）；
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# - 历史上 status_code 默认 500 让「验证码过期」「参数校验失败」也返回 500，客户端无法区分
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# 「我错了」与「服务器坏了」，监控/告警同样被污染，故收敛到本表。
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_CODE_TO_HTTP_STATUS: dict[int, int] = {
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# ① 默认业务异常码：客户端可修正 → 400
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RET.EXCEPTION.code: status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
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# ② 数值本身就是 HTTP 状态码的 RET 成员：显式登记（不再依赖安全网兜底）
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RET.BAD_REQUEST.code: status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
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RET.UNAUTHORIZED.code: status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
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RET.FORBIDDEN.code: status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
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RET.NOT_FOUND.code: status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
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RET.BAD_METHOD.code: status.HTTP_405_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED,
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RET.NOT_ACCEPTABLE.code: status.HTTP_406_NOT_ACCEPTABLE,
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RET.CONFLICT.code: status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
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RET.GONE.code: status.HTTP_410_GONE,
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RET.PRECONDITION_FAILED.code: status.HTTP_412_PRECONDITION_FAILED,
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RET.UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.code: status.HTTP_415_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE,
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RET.UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY.code: _HTTP_422,
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RET.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.code: status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
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RET.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.code: status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
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RET.NOT_IMPLEMENTED.code: status.HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
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RET.BAD_GATEWAY.code: status.HTTP_502_BAD_GATEWAY,
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RET.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.code: status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
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RET.GATEWAY_TIMEOUT.code: status.HTTP_504_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT,
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RET.HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED.code: status.HTTP_505_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED,
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# ③ 自定义业务码
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RET.DATAEXIST.code: status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
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RET.PARAMERR.code: status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
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RET.TIMEOUT.code: status.HTTP_504_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT,
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RET.RATE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED.code: status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
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# ④ 认证类业务码（对应前端 ResultEnum）
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RET.INVALID_TOKEN.code: status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
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RET.EXPIRED_TOKEN.code: status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
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RET.INVALID_CREDENTIALS.code: status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
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RET.TOKEN_EXPIRED.code: status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
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RET.NO_PERMISSION.code: status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
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# ⑤ 显式声明为服务端故障的业务码（供极少数已确认属服务端故障的业务场景使用）
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RET.SERVERERR.code: status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
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}
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# 未登记业务码的安全网：按「客户端请求错误」处理（正常路径应命中上面的表；新增 RET 码请同步登记）
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_DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS: int = status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
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def resolve_http_status(code: int | None) -> int:
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"""把业务错误码解析为 HTTP 状态码。
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参数:
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- code (int | None): 业务错误码。
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返回:
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- int: 对应的 HTTP 状态码；未映射的码返回 _DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS。
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"""
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if code is None:
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return _DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS
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return _CODE_TO_HTTP_STATUS.get(int(code), _DEFAULT_BUSINESS_STATUS)
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class CustomException(Exception):
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"""业务异常：系统内**唯一**的业务错误写法是 ``raise CustomException(msg=..., code=...)``。
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约定（t19）：
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- 构造器不接受 ``status_code``：HTTP 状态由 ``code`` 经 :func:`resolve_http_status` 推导
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（``status_code`` 只作只读派生属性），从结构上杜绝「业务码 + 显式状态码」两个事实来源；
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- **意外异常不要在这里包装**：让原始异常冒泡，由全局 ``Exception`` / ``SQLAlchemyError``
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处理器统一映射为 5xx + 通用文案 + 日志；需要运维上下文时在抛出处
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``logger.exception("<业务动作>失败")`` 后再 ``raise``（保留原始异常类型）；
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- 宽泛 ``except`` 若确实要把异常转换成业务错误，必须先 ``except CustomException: raise``。
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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msg: str = RET.EXCEPTION.msg,
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code: int = RET.EXCEPTION.code,
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data: Any | None = None,
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success: bool = False,
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) -> None:
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super().__init__(msg)
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self.code = code
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self.msg = msg
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self.data = data
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self.success = success
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# 只读派生属性：HTTP 状态一律由 code 经映射表推导（构造器不再接受 status_code）
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self.status_code = resolve_http_status(code)
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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return self.msg
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# 连接类故障的文案特征（DBAPI 驱动差异大，异常类型优先、文案兜底）
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_CONNECTION_HINTS: tuple[str, ...] = (
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"connect",
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"connection",
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"server has gone away",
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"lost connection",
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"connection refused",
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"connection reset",
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"pool",
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"timed out",
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)
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def _is_connection_detail(detail: str | None) -> bool:
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"""判断异常细节是否属于「连接类」故障（→ 503 而不是 500）。
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参数:
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- detail (str | None): 驱动返回的原始错误文本。
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返回:
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- bool: 是否连接类。
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"""
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text = (detail or "").lower()
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return any(hint in text for hint in _CONNECTION_HINTS)
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def handle_exception(app: FastAPI) -> None:
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@app.exception_handler(CustomException)
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async def custom_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: CustomException) -> JSONResponse:
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# 4xx 是「客户端可修正」的业务结果，5xx 才是服务端故障：分级记录，
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# 避免每个校验失败都打 ERROR 把真正的故障信号淹没。
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log = logger.error if exc.status_code >= status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR else logger.warning
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log(
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"[自定义异常] {} {} | code={} | status={} | msg={} | data={}",
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request.method,
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request.url.path,
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exc.code,
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exc.status_code,
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exc.msg,
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exc.data,
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)
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# 生产环境不外泄 data（可能含 SQL 字段、约束名等内部细节）
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expose_data = exc.data if settings.ENVIRONMENT != EnvironmentEnum.PROD else None
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return ErrorResponse(msg=exc.msg, code=exc.code, status_code=exc.status_code, data=expose_data)
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@app.exception_handler(HTTPException)
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async def http_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: HTTPException) -> JSONResponse:
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logger.error(
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"[HTTP异常] {} {} | status_code={} | detail={}",
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request.method,
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request.url.path,
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exc.status_code,
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exc.detail,
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)
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return ErrorResponse(msg=exc.detail, status_code=exc.status_code)
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@app.exception_handler(RequestValidationError)
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async def validation_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: RequestValidationError) -> JSONResponse:
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errors = exc.errors()
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msg = errors[0].get("msg", str(errors[0])) if errors else "请求参数验证失败"
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if msg.startswith("Value error"):
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msg = msg[11:].lstrip(" ,")
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logger.error(
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"[参数验证异常] {} {} | errors={}",
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request.method,
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request.url.path,
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errors,
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)
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return ErrorResponse(msg=str(msg), status_code=_HTTP_422, data=errors)
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@app.exception_handler(ResponseValidationError)
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async def response_validation_handler(request: Request, exc: ResponseValidationError) -> JSONResponse:
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logger.error(
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"[响应验证异常] {} {} | errors={}",
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request.method,
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request.url.path,
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exc.errors(),
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)
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return ErrorResponse(msg="服务器响应格式错误", status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, data=exc.body)
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@app.exception_handler(SQLAlchemyError)
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async def sqlalchemy_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: SQLAlchemyError) -> JSONResponse:
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"""数据库异常统一出口。
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分类（t19）：
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- ``IntegrityError``：约束类问题，按具体原因给出可操作文案（409 等）；
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- 其它：**不再返回 400**（把服务端故障说成客户端的错会让监控失明），
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连接类（InterfaceError/DisconnectionError/连接中断文案）→ 503，其余 → 500；
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- 文案不再拼 ``exc_type``/驱动原文，细节只进日志（``logger.opt(exception=...)`` 带堆栈）。
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"""
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if isinstance(exc, IntegrityError):
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detail = str(exc.orig) if exc.orig else str(exc)
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expose_detail = detail if settings.ENVIRONMENT != EnvironmentEnum.PROD else None
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logger.opt(exception=exc).error("[数据库异常] {} {}", request.method, request.url.path)
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if _is_connection_detail(detail):
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return ErrorResponse(msg="数据库连接失败", status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, data=expose_detail)
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if "Duplicate entry" in detail:
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return ErrorResponse(msg="数据重复，请检查唯一字段", status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT, data=expose_detail)
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if "foreign key constraint" in detail:
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return ErrorResponse(msg="存在关联数据，无法删除", status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT, data=expose_detail)
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if "cannot be null" in detail:
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return ErrorResponse(msg="必填字段缺失", status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT, data=expose_detail)
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return ErrorResponse(msg="数据已存在或违反完整性约束", status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT, data=expose_detail)
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detail = str(getattr(exc, "orig", None) or exc)
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logger.opt(exception=exc).error("[数据库异常] {} {}", request.method, request.url.path)
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if isinstance(exc, (InterfaceError, DisconnectionError)) or _is_connection_detail(detail):
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return ErrorResponse(msg="数据库连接失败", status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE)
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return ErrorResponse(msg="数据库操作失败", status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
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@app.exception_handler(ValueError)
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async def value_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: ValueError) -> JSONResponse:
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logger.error("[值异常] {} {} | msg={}", request.method, request.url.path, exc)
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return ErrorResponse(msg=str(exc), status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
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@app.exception_handler(Exception)
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async def all_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: Exception) -> JSONResponse:
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logger.opt(exception=exc).error(
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"[未捕获异常] {} {} | type={} | detail={}",
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request.method,
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request.url.path,
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type(exc).__name__,
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exc,
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)
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# 细节只进日志/堆栈：客户端只得到通用文案（生产不回显内部信息）
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return ErrorResponse(msg="服务器内部错误", status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
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